Abstract Objective The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of two desensitizing agents and water on hydraulic conductance in human dentin. Material and Methods GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel (GLU) contains glutaraldehyde (GA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and Teethmate Desensitizer (TD) is a powder comprising tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) that is mixed with water. Deionized water was used as a negative control (CTR). Thirty discs with a thickness of 1.2 mm were cut from the coronal dentin of the third molars and cleaned with 0.5 M EDTA (pH 7.4). After being mounted in a split-chamber device, the discs were pressurized with water at 1 kPa and 3 kPa in order to measure flow rates with a highly sensitive micro-flow sensor and to calculate hydraulic conductance as a baseline value (BL). Following the application of GLU, TD, and CTR (n=10), hydraulic conductance was remeasured with intermittent storage in water after 15 min, 1 d, 1 w, and 1 m. Reduction in permeability (PR%) was calculated from hydraulic conductance. Data were statistically analyzed using nonparametric methods (α<0.05). Representative discs were inspected by SEM. Results PR% for GLU and TD were 30-50% 15 min and 1 m after their application. Post hoc tests indicated that PR% of CTR was significantly greater than those of GLU and TD at all time points tested. The PR% of GLU and TD were not significantly different. SEM examinations showed noncollapsed collagen meshes at the tubular entrances after GLU, and crystalline precipitates occluding the tubular orifices after TD, whereas CTR specimens showed typical patterns of etched dentin. Conclusions The present study on hydraulic conductance in dentin discs treated with two chemically different desensitizing agents and water as a control demonstrated that both products may be characterized as effective.

Com o objetivo de sanar algumas dúvidas na área da oncologia veterinária, o presente artigo pretende comparar os resultados dos exames histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de neoplasias de células redondas inespecíficas, realizar imunofenotipagem dos casos de linfoma canino e determinar o grau de proliferação e apoptose de linfomas. Dos 11 animais que apresentaram diagnóstico imuno-histoquímico de linfoma, cinco foram diagnosticados como linfoma por coloração HE das lâminas histopatológicas e seis foram classificados como neoplasia de células redondas inespecíficas. Todos os casos submetidos ao exame imuno-histoquímico foram de linfomas de células-T. Houve uma correlação positiva entre a proliferação celular e apoptose. A comparação entre os resultados histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos obtidos nos casos analisados sugeriu que a imuno-histoquímica é essencial para a diferenciação das neoplasias de células redondas.

With the purpose of shedding light on some doubts in veterinary oncology, the present article intends to compare the results of histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of unspecific round cell neoplasia, to realize immunophenotyping of canine lymphoma cases, to establish the T or B origin of neoplastic cells, and to determine the degree of proliferation and apoptosis of lymphomas by immunohistochemistry. Of 11 animals presenting immunohistochemical diagnosis of lymphoma, five had been diagnosed as Lymphoma by HE staining of histopathological slides and six had been classified as unspecific round cell neoplasia. All cases submitted to immunohistochemical examination were T-cell lymphomas. There was a positive correlation between cell proliferation and apoptosis. The comparison among histopathological and immunohistochemical results obtained in the cases examined in the present study suggested that immunohistochemistry is essential for the differentiation of round cell neoplasia.

Cutaneous inflammatory apocrine carcinoma is a non-common reported tumor which affects the skin causing multiple erosive lesions. The aim of this report is to describe two different cases of this atypical disease. Both cases presented with ulcerative and infiltrative lesions on cervical region. A surgical procedure was ruled out due to local infiltration and erosive condition. Case 1 was treated with bleomycin. Case 2 received just palliative treatment. In both cases the response was poor with survival times of 35 days and 15 days respectively. Clinical information about this disease is lacking on literature and more studies are warranted in order to describe better clinical presentation, treatment possibilities and prognostic.

El carcinoma apocrino inflamatorio cutáneo es un tumor poco reportado e infrecuente que afecta la piel causando lesiones múltiples erosivas. El objetivo de este reporte es describir dos diferentes casos que presentaron este infrecuente tumor. Ambos casos presentaron lesiones ulcerativas e infiltrativas en región cervical. Debido a la condición inflamatoria y erosiva de las lesiones, fue descartado un procedimiento quirúrgico. El caso 1 fue tratado con bleomicina, mientras que el caso 2 solo recibió tratamiento paliativo. En ambos casos la respuesta fue pobre con tiempos de sobrevida de 35 y 15 días respectivamente. En la literatura actualmente existe poca información acerca de esta enfermedad y es necesario que existan más estudios que logren describir mejor la presentación clínica, posibilidades de tratamiento y el pronóstico.

Um cão da raça Pointer Inglês, de 12 anos de idade, foi encaminhado para avaliação clínica por apresentar aumento de volume no canto temporal (medial) da órbita direita, o qual estava causando deformidade facial. O cão apresentava epífora, secreção nasal mucopurulenta, epistaxe, dispnésia e perda de peso progressiva. Uma massa foi observada na cavidade oral, próxima aos dentes pré-molares, do lado direito da face. Suspeitou-se de proliferação neoplásica baseando-se nos testes auxiliares, entre os quais: radiografia craniana e oral, ultrassonografia ocular e tomografia computadorizada. A análise histopatológica da massa revelou tratar-se de carcinoma transicional envolvendo as cavidades oral e nasal, os ossos da maxila e da órbita, além do espaço retrobulbar. Os tumores da cavidade nasal representam aproximadamente 2% de todos os tumores diagnosticados nessa espécie. O carcinoma transicional é o segundo tipo de neoplasia epitelial maligna mais comum nos seios nasais de cães. Este trabalho descreve a destruição extensiva dos tecidos moles e dos ossos da face e chama atenção para o fato de que esse tipo de neoplasia deve ser considerado nas doenças da órbita.

A 12-year-old male English Pointer was examined due to a soft-tissue swelling at the medial canthus of the right orbital region, which was causing facial deformity. The dog had epiphora, purulent nasal discharge, epistaxis, dyspnea, and progressive weight loss. An intraoral mass was observed near the right maxillary premolars. Neoplastic disease was diagnosed based on ancillary tests, which included blood work, skull and intraoral radiographs, ocular ultrasonography and computed tomography. Histopathology revealed transitional carcinoma involving the nasal and oral cavities, maxilla, bony orbit and retrobulbar space. Nasal tumors represent approximately 2% of all tumors diagnosed in this species. Transitional carcinoma is the second most common type of malignant epithelial tumor in the nasal sinuses. This case illustrates the extensive destruction of the soft and bony tissues of the face, including the bony orbit that this type of tumor can cause.

OBJECTIVES: To assess and to compare the effects of Gluma® Desensitizer (GDL) with an experimental glutaraldehyde and HEMA containing fumed silica dispersion (GDG) on dentin permeability using a chemiluminous tracer penetration test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty disc-shaped dentin specimens were dissected from extracted human third molars. The dentin specimens were mounted in a split chamber device for determination of permeability under liquid pressure using a photochemical method. Ten specimens were randomly selected and allocated to the evaluation groups Gluma® Desensitizer as aqueous solution and glutaraldehyde/HEMA as fumed silica dispersion, respectively. Dentin disc permeability was determined at two pressure levels after removal of smear with EDTA, after albumin soaking, and after application of the desensitizing agents. Two desensitizer-treated and rinsed specimens of each group were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface remnants. RESULTS: Comparatively large standard deviations of the mean EDTA reference and albumin soaked samples permeability values refected the differences of the dentin substrates. The mean chemiluminescence values of specimen treated with GDL and GDG, respectively, were signifcantly reduced after topical application of the desensitizing agents on albumin-soaked dentin. The effects of GDL and GDG on permeability were not signifcantly different. Treated specimens showed no surface remnants after rinsing. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental desensitizer gel formulation reduced dentin permeability as effectively as the original Gluma® Desensitizer solution.

The present report describes a case of Sezary syndrome in a canine with lymphadenomegaly, generalized erithroderma, intense pruritus and disseminated cutaneous nodules and plaques. Biopsy samples were taken from cutaneous nodules and plaques and were diagnosed epitheliotropic T cell cutaneous lymphoma by histology and immunohistochemical stain. Bone marrow cytology confirms leukemia. Diagnosis of Sezary syndrome was achieved through clinical, hematological, citopathological, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The patient was treated with Madison-Wisconsin chemotherapy protocol, but died after two mouths of treatment.